Shah Ghulam Ali Naqshbandi, Mujaddidi, Chishti, Qadri Hanfi was a prominent Islamic cleric, Sufi and God fearing personality of his age.
He was born in 1156 AH (1743 C.E) in Batala, Punjab in current-day India.[1] His father was Shah Abdul-Latif, a scholar and Sufi shaykh belonging to the Qadri tariqah. It is reported in his biographies that his father had a dream before his birth in which he saw Sayyadna Aliwho told him to name the baby on his name (Ali). After he grew up, he modified his own name to be Ghulam Ali (literally meaning slave of Ali, a common name in Indian Muslims today). Similarly, his mother had a dream in which she saw Muhammad who told her to name the baby Abdullah.Hence his real name is still known to be Abdullah while his alias is Ghulam Ali.
He is reported to have memorized the Quranin a single month's duration.[1] In 1170 AH he came to Delhi to take the oath of allegiance to Mirza Mazhar Jan-e-Janaan who was a famous Shaykh of Naqshbandi tariqah in Delhi at that time. After getting trained in the major Sufi orders including Naqshbandi for 15 years, he received complete Khilafat (spiritual Ijazah) from his Shaykh.[1]
He had many Khulafa (deputies) who spread the Naqshbandi Sufi order to a vast number of people in the whole Muslim world at that time. His Khulafa went to Bukhara, Baghdad, Madinah and Turkey. His famous khalifa was Mawlana Khalid al-Baghdadi who had hundreds of thousands of followers in his lifetime, and many Naqshbandi's today in Turkey and nearby countries follow him.
He is quoted to have said: "My Faid (spirituality) has reached far off countries. Our Halqa is held in Makkah and our Halqa is held in Madinah. Similarly our Halqa is held in Baghdad, Rome (now Turkey and Cyprus) and Maghrib (Parts of Europe and Africa facing Asia). And Bukhara is our parental home."[1]
He died on 22 Safar 1240 AH (15/16 October 1824) and was buried alongside his Shaykh's grave in Khanqah Mria in Delhi.[1]
Writtings
He wrote multiple books, the most famous of them is Maqamat Mazhari in Persian, which is a complete biography of his shaykh Mirza Mazhar Jan-e-Janaan Shaheed.[1]
His other books are:
- Edah-e-Tariqat
- Ahwal-e-Buzurgaan
- Risalah dar Tariqah Ba'yat wa Azkar
- Risalah dar Tariqah Naqshband
- Risalah Sitri Chand dar Ahwal-e-Shah-e-Naqshband
- Risalah-e-Azkar
- Risalah-e-Muraqbat
- Risalah dar Aitarazat Shaykh Abdul-Haq bar Hazrat Mujaddid
- Risalah Mashgooliyah
- Sulook Raqia Naqshbandia
- Makateeb Shareefa (collection of his letters)
- Kamalat-e-Mazhariya
- Malfoozat-e-Sharifa[2]
Malfuzat(Speech)
- He said that,"Mujadddedi tarika have flows the nisbat(fayed) of naqshbandiya,qadiriya,chistiya.among them first one is more powerful."
- He said that,'the love and mohabbat of duniya is the main root of all sin'
- He said that, Imame rabbani describe the asrar of marifat very clearly no other awliya of ummat can'nt describe like him.
Spiritual Chain of Succession
His Khulafa
His Khulafa were numerous and many of them were prominent Shaykhs at their times. Following is a list of his most prominent Khulafa as extracted from various sources.
- Mawlana Hafiz Abu-Saeed-Ahmadi Faruqi Mujaddidi Naqshbandi, his successor (Delhi)[1]
- Mawlana Hafiz Shah Ahmed Saeed Faruqi Mujaddidi, son of Hafiz Shah Abu Saeed (Medina)
- Shah Rauf Ahmed Raaft Faruqi Mujaddidi Rampuri (Bhopal)
- Mawlana Khalid al-Baghdadi al-Kurdi al-Rumi (Turkey)[1]
- Mawlana Ismaeel Madani (Medina)
- Mawlana Ghulam Mohiuddin Qusoori[1]
- Mawlana Bashartullah Behra'ichi
- Mawlana Shah Gul Muhammad Ghaznavi (Bukhara)
- Mawlana Muhammad Sharif (Sirhind)
- Mawlana Pir Muhammad (Kashmir)
- Mawlana Jan Muhammad (Herat)
- Mawlana Muhammad Jan (Makkah, d.1266 AH), whose Khulafa spread up to Turkey[1]
- Shah Saad'ullah Naqshbandi
- Sir Sayed Ahmad Khan founder of the Madrasatul Uloom now Aligarh Muslim University's father, was his pupil. Sir sayed Ahmad Khan, wrote about him in Asarus Sanadeed(Archives of prominent personalities.)
- He was born in 1156 AH (1743 C.E) in Patiala, Punjab in current-day India.[1] His father was Shah Abdul-Latif, a scholar and Sufi shaykh belonging to the Qadri tariqah. It is reported in his biographies that his father had a dream before his birth in which he saw Sayyadna Aliwho told him to name the baby on his name (Ali). After he grew up, he modified his own name to be Ghulam Ali (literally meaning slave of Ali, a common name in Indian Muslims today). Similarly, his mother had a dream in which she saw Muhammad who told her to name the baby Abdullah.Hence his real name is still known to be Abdullah while his alias is Ghulam Ali.He is reported to have memorized the Quranin a single month's duration.[1] In 1170 AH he came to Delhi to take the oath of allegiance to Mirza Mazhar Jan-e-Janaan who was a famous Shaykh of Naqshbandi tariqah in Delhi at that time. After getting trained in the major Sufi orders including Naqshbandi for 15 years, he received complete Khilafat (spiritual Ijazah) from his Shaykh.[1]He had many Khulafa (deputies) who spread the Naqshbandi Sufi order to a vast number of people in the whole Muslim world at that time. His Khulafa went to Bukhara, Baghdad, Madinah and Turkey. His famous khalifa was Mawlana Khalid al-Baghdadi who had hundreds of thousands of followers in his lifetime, and many Naqshbandi's today in Turkey and nearby countries follow him.He is quoted to have said: "My Faid (spirituality) has reached far off countries. Our Halqa is held in Makkah and our Halqa is held in Madinah. Similarly our Halqa is held in Baghdad, Rome (now Turkey and Cyprus) and Maghrib (Parts of Europe and Africa facing Asia). And Bukhara is our parental home."[1]He died on 22 Safar 1240 AH (15/16 October 1824) and was buried alongside his Shaykh's grave in Khanqah Mria in Delhi.[1]
Writtings
He wrote multiple books, the most famous of them is Maqamat Mazhari in Persian, which is a complete biography of his shaykh Mirza Mazhar Jan-e-Janaan Shaheed.[1]His other books are:- Edah-e-Tariqat
- Ahwal-e-Buzurgaan
- Risalah dar Tariqah Ba'yat wa Azkar
- Risalah dar Tariqah Naqshband
- Risalah Sitri Chand dar Ahwal-e-Shah-e-Naqshband
- Risalah-e-Azkar
- Risalah-e-Muraqbat
- Risalah dar Aitarazat Shaykh Abdul-Haq bar Hazrat Mujaddid
- Risalah Mashgooliyah
- Sulook Raqia Naqshbandia
- Makateeb Shareefa (collection of his letters)
- Kamalat-e-Mazhariya
- Malfoozat-e-Sharifa[2]
Malfuzat(Speech)
- He said that,"Mujadddedi tarika have flows the nisbat(fayed) of naqshbandiya,qadiriya,chistiya.among them first one is more powerful."
- He said that,'the love and mohabbat of duniya is the main root of all sin'
- He said that, Imame rabbani describe the asrar of marifat very clearly no other awliya of ummat can'nt describe like him.
Spiritual Chain of Succession
His Khulafa
- Mawlana Hafiz Abu-Saeed-Ahmadi Faruqi Mujaddidi Naqshbandi, his successor (Delhi)[1]
- Mawlana Hafiz Shah Ahmed Saeed Faruqi Mujaddidi, son of Hafiz Shah Abu Saeed (Medina)
- Shah Rauf Ahmed Raaft Faruqi Mujaddidi Rampuri (Bhopal)
- Mawlana Khalid al-Baghdadi al-Kurdi al-Rumi (Turkey)[1]
- Mawlana Ismaeel Madani (Medina)
- Mawlana Ghulam Mohiuddin Qusoori[1]
- Mawlana Bashartullah Behra'ichi
- Mawlana Shah Gul Muhammad Ghaznavi (Bukhara)
- Mawlana Muhammad Sharif (Sirhind)
- Mawlana Pir Muhammad (Kashmir)
- Mawlana Jan Muhammad (Herat)
- Mawlana Muhammad Jan (Makkah, d.1266 AH), whose Khulafa spread up to Turkey[1]
- Shah Saad'ullah Naqshbandi
